Papers and Proceedings

    Papers and Proceedings on Economics

    This series provides detailed analyses on the topics of SMEs, start-ups, innovations and sustainability.

    Public Development Banks: Some international trends from 2025
    Stable Investments in Times of Instability: Bridging Interests to Revive International Climate Diplomacy
    The economic benefits of climate action
    KfW Research Position Paper March 2025: Managing the transition, strengthening growth
    Let it sink in: New governance and finance structures are needed to scale up carbon dioxide removals
    The Climate Financing Roadmap – How Development Finance Institutions Can Build Bridges to Unlock Private Capital
    KfW Research Position Paper November 2022: A boost in investment for the transformation – what exactly is needed?
    Between Economic Growth and Climate Change
    KfW Research Position Paper August 2021: Emerging stronger from the coronavirus crisis – five areas of action for a sustainable transformation
    The African private sector in the COVID-19 crisis: impacts, responses and perspectives
    KfW Venture Capital Study 2020 – VC market Germany: Ready for the next development stage
    KfW Research Position Paper August 2020 – Where to from here? The crucial next steps in the coronavirus crisis
    KfW Research Position Paper May 2020 – The crisis as a catalyst for more sustainable economic management
    Evaluation of the KfW Programme ERP Digitalisation and Innovation Loan (Executive Summary)
    European SME Survey 2019 – Going Digital
    International migration in a long-term perspective
    KfW Start-up Report 2018 – Number of start-up founders increased to 108,000 in 2017
    Internationalisation of European SMEs – Taking Stock and Moving Ahead
    Building Momentum in Venture Capital across Europe – France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom
    Regulation of Promotional Banks and potential impacts
    SME Investment and Innovation – France, Germany, Italy and Spain
    Critique of accommodating central bank policies and the 'expropriation of the saver' – A review
    Export and import activities of young German enterprises (Executive Summary)
    KfW Sustainability Indicator 2013
    New or old? Comparing entrepreneurs founding a new venture to those taking over an existing business
    Young and innovative, seeking … loan Financing young companies which invest in R&D
    Barriers and obstacles in starting a business: Entrepreneurs and prevented entrepreneurs
    Minimum expected return of private equity companies: Claims become more modest
    KfW Sustainability Indicator 2012
    Internationalisation in Germany's SME sector - Step by step to global presence

    Contact

    KfW Research, KfW Group, Palmengartenstr. 5-9, 60325 Frankfurt,

    Follow KfW Research on

    KfW Research

    Current analyses, indicators and polls on business cycles and the economy, both in Germany and worldwide.

    Read more